Formulas and sources
Each formula this calculator uses, where it comes from, and what it leaves out. "How it works" shows the same formula with your own numbers.
Grams of protein, carbs and fat
Every mode
- P
- grams of protein a day
- Carbs
- grams of carbohydrate a day
- F
- grams of fat a day
- C
- daily calories (C% is the carbohydrate share)
- P%
- protein's share of the calories
- C%
- carbohydrate's share of the calories
- F%
- fat's share of the calories
The goal sets the three shares; Custom lets you type them, and a blank fat share is 100% minus the other two. Grams are rounded to 0.1 g.
Source: Uses the general factors of 4, 4 and 9 calories per gram in the FDA's food-labeling rule, 21 CFR 101.9 [1].
Goal presets and the adult ranges
Weight Loss, Maintenance, Weight Gain, High Protein, Low Carb and Keto modes
- Weight Loss, 40/30/30
- protein above, carbohydrate below, fat inside
- Maintenance, 30/40/30
- protein inside, carbohydrate below, fat inside
- Weight Gain, 30/50/20
- protein inside, carbohydrate inside, fat inside
- High Protein, 45/30/25
- protein above, carbohydrate below, fat inside
- Low Carb, 35/25/40
- protein inside, carbohydrate below, fat above
- Keto, 20/5/75
- protein inside, carbohydrate below, fat above
Splits read protein/carbohydrate/fat, as percentages of calories. The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges for adults are protein 10% to 35%, carbohydrate 45% to 65% and fat 20% to 35%. Several presets sit outside these ranges by design; Keto keeps carbohydrate far below them.
Source: The ranges were set by the National Academies in 2002 and 2005 [2] and restated in 2024 [3]. The splits are CalcTrail's own starting splits, not a published standard.
Sources
- Food and Drug Administration. 21 CFR 101.9: Nutrition labeling of food, paragraph (c)(1)(i)(B), calories per gram. eCFR, current as of October 1, 2026.
- Institute of Medicine, National Academies Press. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids, Summary, page 15. 2002/2005.
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Rethinking the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for the 21st Century: A Letter Report, Table 3-1, adults. 2024.
What this calculator does not cover
- It works in percentages of calories, not body weight, so it cannot check protein against grams per kilogram of body weight.
- It does not warn when a split is outside the adult ranges above.
- It uses the general factors of 4, 4 and 9 calories per gram. The same section also allows food-specific factors, and paragraph (c)(1)(i)(C) sets 2 calories per gram for soluble non-digestible carbohydrate, such as soluble fiber [1].
- It does not count fiber, vitamins or minerals.
Sources checked on .