Formulas and sources
Each formula this calculator uses, where it comes from, and what it leaves out. "How it works" shows the same formula with your own numbers.
Cost per click
Cost / Clicks mode
- CPC
- cost per click, the average over all clicks
- Cost
- the total ad spend
- Clicks
- the total clicks received
Source: Uses Google Ads' definition of its average CPC [1]. Google's example, two clicks costing $0.20 and $0.40, gives $0.30 here too.
Cost per click from CPM and CTR
From CPM & CTR mode
- CPC
- estimated cost per click
- CPM
- cost per 1,000 impressions
- CTR
- click-through rate, in percent: clicks ÷ impressions × 100
The cost of 1,000 impressions divided by the clicks those impressions bring.
Source: Standard formula; no single publisher. It follows from Google Ads Help's definitions of CPM [2], CTR [3] and average CPC [1].
Max CPC: the highest average CPC for a target CPA
Max CPC (CPA) mode
- CPC
- the highest average cost per click that meets the target CPA
- CPA
- target cost per acquisition
- CR
- conversion rate per click, in percent: conversions ÷ clicks × 100
This is a ceiling on the average CPC, not a bid.
Source: Standard formula; no single publisher. It follows from Google Ads Help's definitions of average CPA [5] and conversion rate [4]. Google's max CPC bid is a different measure [6].
Budget plan
Planning mode, with any method
Expected CR is the expected conversion rate, in percent; under Max CPC (CPA) the lines say CR, the rate the CPC is built from.
Source: Standard arithmetic; no single publisher. Break-even CPC, the most a click can cost before the ads cost more than the conversions bring in, is CalcTrail's own measure; no publisher.
Sources
- Google, Google Ads Help. Average cost-per-click (Avg. CPC): Definition. Undated page, read October 5, 2026.
- Google, Google Ads Help. About YouTube ads and view metrics, the avg. CPM metric. Undated page, read October 5, 2026.
- Google, Google Ads Help. Clickthrough rate (CTR): Definition. Undated page, read October 5, 2026.
- Google, Google Ads Help. Conversion rate: Definition. Undated page, read October 5, 2026.
- Google, Google Ads Help. Average CPA: Definition. Undated page, read October 5, 2026.
- Google, Google Ads Help. Maximum CPC bid: Definition. Undated page, read October 5, 2026.
What this calculator does not cover
- It is one campaign or ad group at one point in time. Auction dynamics, quality score, bid adjustments and how CPC shifts over a campaign are not modeled.
- In Google Ads the actual CPC is often below the max CPC bid, and some bidding features can raise a bid above it.
- A conversion is whatever your ad platform counts. Conversion rates above 100%, which Google allows when one click leads to several conversions, are refused here.
Sources checked on .