Formulas and sources
Each formula this calculator uses, where it comes from, and what it leaves out. "How it works" shows the same formula with your own numbers.
Rectangle
For a rectangle line
- Rectangle
- the rectangle’s area
Source: Uses the formula in [4]: length × width. The perimeter is its four sides.
Triangle by its base and height
For a triangle by its base and height
- Triangle
- the triangle’s area
The height is measured at right angles to the base, not along a sloping side. It has no perimeter: its other two sides depend on where its top is, so give its three sides for one.
Source: Uses the formula in [4]: 0.5 × base × perpendicular height.
Triangle by its three sides
For a triangle by its three sides
- Triangle
- the triangle’s area
Heron’s formula, worked in the order Kahan gives, with the sides sorted so a ≥ b ≥ c. That order, ¼ × √((a + (b + c)) × (c − (a − b)) × (c + (a − b)) × (a + (b − c))), is the same area. It keeps the digits a long, thin triangle would lose. Three sides whose longest is not shorter than the other two together make no triangle, and the line says so.
Source: Standard formula; no single publisher. The stable order and the test for sides that make no triangle are in [5].
Circle
For a circle line
- Circle
- the circle’s area
Source: Based on [4], which writes it as 0.7854 × diameter × diameter, and the circumference as 3.1416 × diameter. CalcTrail uses π in full, so a 10 ft circle is 78.54 ft² and 31.42 ft around either way, to two decimals.
Half circle
For a half-circle line
- Half circle
- half a circle’s area
For a bay or an arch: the diameter is the straight side across its opening. Its perimeter is the curve and that straight side.
Source: Half of the circle in [4]; standard formula, no single publisher.
Feet and inches
In feet and inches
The inches may be more than 12: 0 ft 133 in is 11.083 ft.
Source: Uses 12 in = 1 ft from [3]. The foot is the international foot, 0.3048 m exactly [1].
Lines and the area
- Line area
- one shape’s area × its count
- Area
- the measured area
Each line is worked in the unit it was measured in, and the lines are added before anything is converted. Lines taken off must leave an area: when they come to as much as the lines added, or more, the result says so instead of showing a negative area. A line with an error holds the total until it is fixed.
Source: Standard arithmetic; no single publisher. Measuring a surface as simple shapes added together is how [9] measures walls: each wall’s height × width, added, less large windows and doors.
Perimeter, for trim
With a perimeter
- Perimeter
- the edges of the lines added, for baseboard and other trim
Lines taken off are left out, and so are doorways. Each line counts its own edges, so where two lines share one, as an L-shaped room split in two, that edge is in both: take it off twice. Shown in feet and in meters, 1 ft = 0.3048 m.
Source: Perimeter as [4] defines it, the line forming the boundary of a closed figure; standard arithmetic, no single publisher.
Square meters and square yards
Both exact: 0.09290304 is 0.3048², and 1 yd² = 9 ft² = 0.83612736 m². An area measured in meters is turned into square feet by the same factor.
Source: Uses the factor in [2], printed there as exact, and 1 yd² = 9 ft² from [3].
Area to order
With a waste allowance
- Area to order
- the area with the waste added
- Area
- the measured area
- Waste
- your allowance for cuts, in percent
Your own percentage, added once to the total, not to each line. Makers commonly advise about 5% for a plain room and 10% for one with many angles or curves [6], up to 15% depending on the product [12], and more for diagonal, herringbone or bordered layouts [7].
Source: Your own figure; the advice is the makers’ own, for their floors: [6], [12] and [7].
Whole boxes
With an area per box
- Boxes
- whole boxes to buy
- Area per box
- the area printed on one box
- Area to order
- the area with the waste added
Rounded up to the next whole box once, at the end, after the waste, so rooms are not each rounded up. The area per box is the one printed on the pack, in ft² or m²; it is not worked out from the size of the planks.
Source: Flooring is packaged by a stated area [8]. Rounding up to whole boxes is standard arithmetic; no single publisher.
Spare boxes
With spare boxes
- Boxes to buy
- the whole boxes you buy
- Boxes
- whole boxes by area
- Spare boxes
- your boxes kept for repairs
Your own number, added after the boxes are rounded up, never folded into the waste. A cost by the box, or of what the boxes cover, includes them.
Source: Mannington advises keeping extra material for possible repairs [12]; adding the boxes is standard arithmetic.
Cost
With a price per area
- Cost
- what is bought, at your price
- Area bought
- what the whole boxes cover, or the area to order without boxes
- Price per area
- your price per ft², m² or yd²
With an area per box the cost is of the whole boxes, what you pay for, and not of the bare area. The price is also shown per ft², per m² and per yd²: 1 yd² is 9 ft² and 0.83612736 m².
Source: Standard arithmetic; no single publisher.
Cost by the box
With a price per box
- Cost
- what is bought, at your price
- Boxes
- whole boxes to buy
- Price per box
- your price for one box
Source: Standard arithmetic; no single publisher.
A total quote per area
With a total quote
- Price per area
- the quote per ft², m² or yd²
- Total quote
- the whole price you were quoted
- Area
- the measured area
The same total is also divided by the area to order, by what the whole boxes cover and by the number of boxes.
Source: Standard arithmetic; no single publisher.
A listed area against your own
With a listed area
- Listed area
- the area a plan, a listing or an agreement gives
- Area
- the measured area
Arithmetic only: it never says which area is right. A listing may follow a method of its own: ANSI Z765 does not cover room dimensions [10], and India’s carpet area [11] leaves out external walls, service shafts and exclusive balconies and terraces. With a price, the total is divided by each area too.
Source: Standard arithmetic; no single publisher. What the two methods cover: [10], [11].
Sources
- National Institute of Standards and Technology. NIST Guide to the SI, Appendix B: Conversion Factors, B.6, U.S. survey foot and mile (the international foot, 0.3048 m exactly). Special Publication 811 (2008), web page updated August 18, 2025.Our automated tests check this calculator against 1 case from it.
- National Institute of Standards and Technology. NIST Guide to the SI, Appendix B.9: Factors for units listed by kind of quantity or field of science, area: the square foot, 9.290 304 E-02 m² exactly, and the square inch. Special Publication 811 (2008), web page updated August 18, 2025.Our automated tests check this calculator against 2 cases from it.
- National Institute of Standards and Technology. NIST Handbook 44, Appendix C: General Tables of Units of Measurement, p. C-5 (12 in = 1 ft) and p. C-6 (units of area: 1 yd² = 9 ft²). 2026 edition.Our automated tests check this calculator against 2 cases from it.
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Office of Weights and Measures. Circumference, Area and Volume, area of a rectangle, a triangle and a circle. Page updated May 18, 2026.Our automated tests check this calculator against 4 cases from it.
- W. Kahan. Miscalculating Area and Angles of a Needle-like Triangle, section 2, the area from three sides in a stable order. University of California, Berkeley, Lecture notes, September 4, 2014.Our automated tests check this calculator against 1 case from it.
- Quick-Step (United Kingdom). How much floor do I need for my room?, 5% extra for a regular room, 10% for one with many angles or curves. Undated page, read October 16, 2026.
- Shaw Industries. Engineered Hardwood Flooring Installation Guidelines - Herringbone, the 5% cutting allowance, and more for diagonal, herringbone or bordered layouts. Undated PDF, read October 16, 2026.
- National Wood Flooring Association. Wood Flooring Installation Guidelines, Part III, Packaging, C: Square Foot (printed p. 24). Revised 2025.
- Sherwin-Williams. How much paint to buy (video transcript), each wall’s height × width, added, less large windows and doors. Undated page, read October 16, 2026.
- Home Innovation Research Labs. Square Footage Method - FAQ (ANSI Z765-2021), what the standard covers. Undated page, read October 16, 2026.
- Government of India, Ministry of Law and Justice (Legislative Department). The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (No. 16 of 2016), section 2(k), "carpet area", and its Explanation. Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Part II, Section 1, No. 17, March 26, 2016.
- Mannington. What To Expect From Your Floor Installation, excess materials: a waste factor of 5-15%, and extra material kept for repairs. Blog post (October 2022 by its address; the page shows no date), read October 16, 2026.
What this calculator does not cover
- It adds the areas of the lines you enter. It is not a property measurement: it does not apply ANSI Z765 or certify a carpet area under India’s RERA Act.
- It measures flat surfaces: no roof pitch, stairs or curved walls, and no volumes, such as a concrete slab.
- It does not plan cuts or seams: carpet comes off a roll of a fixed width, so a fitter may sell more than the room’s area.
- It does not work out paint, tiles by their size, underlay or labor; the area per box is the one you type from the pack. For trim it gives the perimeter, not the pieces to buy, and doorways are not taken off.
- Nothing is taken off on its own: closets, islands, doors and windows count only when you add them as lines to subtract.
- It does not say how many spare boxes to keep: Spare Boxes is your own number.
Sources checked on .